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Rejection, Humiliation, and Parole: A Study of Parolees' Perspectives

Feelings of humiliation and rejection often impact a person's identity reconstruction while attempting to reintegrate into society after incarceration. This study uses interviews with 75 different people on parole to examine how feelings of humiliation do or don't arise in relationships with the study participants' parole officers, potential employers, family members and intimate partners. Through the perspective of study participants, the authors find there is potential for humiliation in every interaction they have due to their criminal record status.


Pogrebin, M. R., Stretesky, P. B., Walker, A., & Opsal, T. (2015). Rejection, Humiliation, and Parole: A Study of Parolees’ Perspectives. Symbolic Interaction, 38(3), 413–430. https://doi.org/10.1002/symb.164

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The Afterlives of Conviction Project documents the human impact of criminal conviction and joins efforts to challenge the discriminatory use of criminal records.

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