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Redemption in the Presence of Widespread Criminal Background Checks

The risk of reoffending continues to decline over time, to the point where there is no risk distinction between people with and without backgrounds. By following people released from prison in New York State in 1980 for 27 years, this study attempts to calculate when that ‘point of redemption’ is reached based on various factors such as age at conviction and type of crime. The authors estimate that risk-level is indistinguishable between 4 and 8 years.


Blumstein, A., & Nakamura, K. (2009). Redemption in the Presence of Widespread Criminal Background Checks*. Criminology, 47(2), 327–359. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-9125.2009.00155.x

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