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Making it on the Outside: Understanding Barriers to Women’s Post-Incarceration Reintegration

The demands on women to be considered 'successful' in reentry are often competing with and exacerbated by the gendered inequities women face in society overall. This article is a literature review of research focusing on the particular obstacles women face during reentry due to living in a gendered society. Emphasizing the connection between experiencing trauma prior to incarceration, the authors discuss the unique barriers women face in relation to housing, employment, parenthood and social support after incarceration.


Opsal, T., & Foley, A. (2013). Making it on the Outside: Understanding Barriers to Women’s Post-Incarceration Reintegration. Sociology Compass, 7(4), 265–277. https://doi.org/10.1111/soc4.12026

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