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The Effect of Criminal Records on Access to Employment

  • Mar 12, 2021
  • 1 min read

Updated: Sep 3, 2025

Even fairly minor felony records have large negative effects on employer callbacks during the application process. This study offers the largest-to-date field experiment testing the effect of criminal records on employment access using a variety of subsamples defined by applicant and job characteristics. The results confirm those of past field experiments, with a much larger and more recent sample and using online applications.


Agan, A., & Starr, S. (2017). The Effect of Criminal Records on Access to Employment. American Economic Review, 107(5), 560–564. https://doi.org/10.1257/aer.p20171003

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The Afterlives of Conviction Project is a research-based public education initiative exploring the human impact of criminal conviction.

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